Essay On Ray Bradbury - 1154 Words

Who is Ray Bradbury? Well many of you probably already know who he is. He is an author who wrote many good books such as Fahrenheit 451, The Martian Chronicles, The Illustrated Man, and The October Country. I have read his book Fahrenheit 451 and it was a spectacular piece of art. In this paper you will learn more about this legendary author named Ray Bradbury. Ray bradbury was born August 22nd, 1920 in Waukegan Illinois. He died June 5th, 2012 in Los Angeles California at the age of 91. His parents were Leonard Spaulding Bradbury and Esther Moberg Bradbury. As a CHild he liked to watch magicians and liked to read adventure and fantasy fiction. He especially liked the works of L. Frank Baum, Jules Verne, and Edgar Rice Burroughs.†¦show more content†¦While it seemed like a science fiction novel to everyone, Bradbury thought of it as a fantasy. Later on his short stories started to adapted as comic books. Bradbury s best known work was Fahrenheit 451 and personally one of my favorites. It became an instant hit in the era of McCarthyism because of its dystopian theme. Later on in 2007 he disputed that Fahrenheit 451 was not about censorship but about how television drives away the want to read.(Patia Daphne â€Å"Assault on free thought.†) Fahrenheit 451 is about a dystopian future where books are illegal, walls are televisions, and firemen don t put out fires but start them to get rid of books in the house. It is the story of Guy Montag who is a Firemen who goes against it all and reads books in secret and finds out that they shouldn t be burning them and he figures out the true history of the world. In this world there is no interest in doing anything but working and watching television in their parlors, but the people who know what s actually going on are hunted down and killed or put in prison. Later on in his life, despite his hate for television, he advocated for movies and television shows. He had many screenplays written including his take on Moby Dick in 1956, in 1986 he had a television series on HBO based around his short stories and comic books which ran until 1992. He published 30 books, close 600 shortShow MoreRelatedEssay on Ray Bradbury1243 Words   |  5 Pages Ray Bradbury nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ray Bradbury was a dreamer. Bradbury had a skill at putting his dreams onto paper, and into books. He dreams dreams of magic and transformation, good and evil, small-town America and the canals of Mars. His dreams are not only popular, but durable. His work consists of short stories, which are not hard to publish, and keep in the public eye. His stories have stayed in print for nearly three decades. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ray Bradbury was bornRead MoreThe Pedestrian by Ray Bradbury Essay493 Words   |  2 Pagesbelieves in. Imagery is one of the best used literary devices in this short story. Imagery means â€Å"The use of vivid or figurative language to represent objects, actions, or ideas.† (http://dictionary.reference.com/define/imagery) In The Pedestrian Bradbury tells us that Mr. Mead’s house â€Å"had all of its electric lights brightly lit, every window s loud yellow illumination, square and warm in the cool darkness.† (51) This story also uses imagery when it talks about the police car and says, â€Å"†¦peered intoRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury Essay569 Words   |  3 Pagesof this book is in depth and important to the making of our future. Ray Bradbury uses strong words that help build up the story. This book is a dystopian book written in the 1950’s and having the book takes place in the 21st century. A recommended for this book is to people who are interested in dystopian novels. Also that the reader can relate the story to real life situation, for some things in the book did come true. Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 is recommended for university students whoRead MoreRay Bradbury Compare And Contrast Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesComparing and Contrasting Characteristics Ray Bradbury’s creation of character Montag in Fahrenheit 451 mirrors his own personal fears, social expectations, and importance of relations. Fahrenheit 451 is split up into 3 characteristics that the author, Ray Bradbury and the main character, Guy Montag share, bringing them to show their most common interests†¦ their love for book. They are willing to go to the fullest extinct for their passion without letting anything get in their way and taking allRead MoreTechnology and Family Issues in The Veldt by Ray Bradbury Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pagesfew hours—the tantrum he threw!† (Bradbury). This line of the story explains the wanting of the family’s children back against technology. It also shows that the technology is winning because of the desire to keep playing in the nursery. â€Å"The Veldt† is a short story written by Ray Bradbury who was born on August 22, 1920 and passed away on June 5, 2012. He was very interested in the science fi ction genre and Edgar Allan Poe (Kattelman). Kattelman states that Bradbury, â€Å"as a young child was influencedRead MoreA Response to Embroidery by Ray Bradbury Essays950 Words   |  4 PagesA Response to Embroidery by Ray Bradbury The short story Embroidery, written by Ray Bradbury is one, which could be classed as a science fiction story with some political aspects to it. Embroidery ends in apocalyptic terms, where an atom bomb is dropped. Written in the 1960s meant that the cold war was still going on and being hit by an atomic bomb was highly possible. I think that because of this a general reader reading this story in the time it was written wouldRead MoreEssay on Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury972 Words   |  4 PagesIn Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, irony is used to convey information and it contributes to the overall theme of the novel. Written during the era of McCarthyism, Fahrenheit 451 is about a society where books are illegal. This society believes that being intellectual is bad and that a lot of things that are easily accessible today should be censored. The overall message of the book is that censorship is not beneficial to society, and that it could cause great harm to one’s intelligence and socialRead MoreRay Bradbury says, READ!!! Essay457 Words   |  2 PagesThroughout all of Fahrenheit 451, there is a sense that the author, Ray Bradbury, is trying to deliver a message to us. There is a purpose behind Bradbury writing this book. Some of the reasons he wrote this book for is to give his thoughts about today’s youth problems, to give us his vision of what will possib ly happen in the future, and tell us the consequences of our actions. The first reason that Bradbury wrote this book is to give us his point of view about books today. For him, people are notRead MoreEssay on Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury2072 Words   |  9 PagesFahrenheit 451 There appears to be some writing on the note ... Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, is a science fiction novel that discusses and shows the life of a very controlled society. The society is not allowed to read books and is punished for doing so. The books are burned at 451 degrees Fahrenheit, which is the temperature it takes book paper to burn (Bradbury 1). Although society today isnt like that as far as books are concerned, the author still shows some trends that are occurringRead More The Martian Chronicles, by Ray Bradbury Essays1235 Words   |  5 Pagesregions had their own culture and government, but because the West was so much stronger, they were taken over. When these areas were finally freed from years of oppression, their society was left in shambles and much of their culture was destroyed. Ray Bradbury’s The Martian Chronicles explores this theme of imperial expansion as applied to the hypothetical situation of humans colonizing the planet Mars. In the novel, the humans who flock to the planet are portrayed as re ckless beings with no care

Relationships Between Family, Friends And Individuals By...

Book Intimacy Personal Relationships in Modern Societies wrote by Lynn Jamieson tells us about different types or relationships between family, friends and individuals. Lynn Jamieson is giving us comparrison how the pre-modern, modern and postmodern family and their relation to each other looked like. She also writes about gendered divisions in labour which means how does the women in marriage was treated and what was her duties at home. Lynn Jamieson also writes in her book about friends, kin and intimacy. She tells us about the balance of friends and kin, exclusivity and community in social networks. Lynn Jamieson talks about different types of intimacy, intimacy across genders, generations, classes and races. One of the tasks of her book is to consider whether this type of intimacy is an fact commonly found or found at all in people s personal lives. She talks about different types of intimate relationships parent - child relationships, relationships with friends and kin, sexual relationships and couple relationships.(Jamieson,1988) In the book we read about the wider significance of intimacy in personal life. Personal relationships are a key form of social cohesion(Jamieson,1988) From this quote Jamieson is trying to tell us that relationship with another person are helping us staying together and building our relations with other different people. Family and friendship relationships of childhood are critical in the production of socially competent adults,Show MoreRelatedWhat Is the Relationship Between Social Change and Changes in Space and Time?1699 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the relationship between social change and changes in space and time? Illustrate with examples drawn from at least two of : changes in cities, changes in media, changes in intimacy. In looking at the relationship between social change and changes in space and time. We first require understanding of what social change is. Sociologists from every school of thought agree that social change is inevitable within our society. Social change is a highly diverse debate that has been analysed by theorist’s

Role Of Race Play In Capital Punishment Essay Example For Students

Role Of Race Play In Capital Punishment Essay We must insure that innocent people, such as Marshall and Millgard, are never convicted or sentenced to death for a crime that they did not commit. There have been many innocent people convicted and executed for capital crimes, and many more that have never been discovered. And here lies an obvious danger of capital punishment: when we execute an innocent person; the real killer is still on the streets, ready to victimize someone else. When an innocent person is arrested, he is often the driving reason behind further investigation, and if he is executed, then the case remains closed forever. At least, until someone else gets killed by the real perpetrator. We will write a custom essay on Role Of Race Play In Capital Punishment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Imposing the death penalty is expensive and time consuming. A study by the NY State Defenders Association showed that the cost of a capital trial alone is more than double the cost of life imprisonment. In the late 80s, the Kansas legislature voted against re-establishing the death penalty after it was informed that reintroduction would involve a multi-million dollar first-year cost. Also, the Miami Herald reported that Florida, with one of the nations largest death rows, has estimated that the true cost of each execution is approximately $3.2 million, or approximately six times the cost of a life-imprisonment sentence. There is also the issue of Capital Punishment being a deterrent. But does the death penalty really deter crime? Supporters of Capital Punishment want you to believe it does, but in actuality, it does not deter crime at all. For example, the US is the only Western nation that still allows the death penalty, and we also have one of the highest crime rates. During the 1980s, murder was actually more common in states that used the death penalty. Also, in a nationwide survey of police chiefs and sheriffs, capital punishment was ranked last as a way of reducing violent crime. Therefore, the idea behind trying to deter crime using Capital Punishment is unsound. Do murderers make a pro/con list before doing away with their victim?There is also the aspect of religion playing a factor in the Capital Punishment debate. Many people point to the passage in Leviticus of the Christian Bible, which states that an eye for an eye is Gods decree. However, Jesus Christ throws out these Old Testament law s. This is what Jesus said: You have heard that it was said, Eye for eye and tooth for tooth. But I tell you, Do not resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also. And if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic, let him have your cloak as well. If someone forces you to go one mile, go with him two miles. (Matthew 5:38-41 NIV) In the Bible, there is a scene when the teachers of the law brought a prostitute before Jesus, and challenged: In the Law Moses commanded us to stone such women. Now what do you say? (John 8:5 NIV). He answered them, If any one of you is without sin, let him be the first to throw a stone at her. (John 8:7 NIV) Christ taught a doctrine of peace, love, and forgiveness; not revenge, retribution, and death. If the people in this world, whether or not they believe in Jesus Christ and God, practiced His teachings, life would be much more pleasant. We must insure that innocent people, such as Marshall and Millgard, are never convicted or sentenced to death for a crime that they did not commit. There have been many innocent people convicted and executed for capital crimes, and many more that have never been discovered. And here lies an obvious danger of capital punishment: when we execute an innocent person; the real killer is still on the streets, ready to victimize someone else. When an innocent person is arrested, he is often the driving reason behind further investigation, and if he is executed, then the case remains closed forever. At least, until someone else gets killed by the real perpetrator. .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f , .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .postImageUrl , .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f , .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f:hover , .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f:visited , .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f:active { border:0!important; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f:active , .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4aff11483be9538f116307e3715b596f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Discount Stores WalMart VS Shopko EssayImposing the death penalty is expensive and time consuming. A study by the NY State Defenders Association showed that the cost of a capital trial alone is more than double the cost of life imprisonment. In the late 80s, the Kansas legislature voted against re-establishing the death penalty after it was informed that reintroduction would involve a multi-million dollar first-year cost. Also, the Miami Herald reported that Florida, with one of the nations largest death rows, has estimated that the true cost of each execution is approximately $3.2 million, or approximately six times the cost of a life-imprisonment sentence. There is also the issue of Capital Punishment being a deterrent. But does the death penalty really deter crime? Supporters of Capital Punishment want you to believe it does, but in actuality, it does not deter crime at all. For example, the US is the only Western nation that still allows the death penalty, and we also have one of the highest crime rates. During the 1980s, murder was actually more common in states that used the death penalty. Also, in a nationwide survey of police chiefs and sheriffs, capital punishment was ranked last as a way of reducing violent crime. Therefore, the idea behind trying to deter crime using Capital Punishment is unsound. Do murderers make a pro/con list before doing away with their victim?There is also the aspect of religion playing a factor in the Capital Punishment debate. Many people point to the passage in Leviticus of the Christian Bible, which states that an eye for an eye is Gods decree. However, Jesus Christ throws out these Old Testament law s. This is what Jesus said: You have heard that it was said, Eye for eye and tooth for tooth. But I tell you, Do not resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also. And if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic, let him have your cloak as well. If someone forces you to go one mile, go with him two miles. (Matthew 5:38-41 NIV) In the Bible, there is a scene when the teachers of the law brought a prostitute before Jesus, and challenged: In the Law Moses commanded us to stone such women. Now what do you say? (John 8:5 NIV). He answered them, If any one of you is without sin, let him be the first to throw a stone at her. (John 8:7 NIV) Christ taught a doctrine of peace, love, and forgiveness; not revenge, retribution, and death. If the people in this world, whether or not they believe in Jesus Christ and God, practiced His teachings, life would be much more pleasant. Bibliography:

Role of the Fair Work Commission in Approving of Agreements Sample

Question: Discuss the Role of the Fair Work Commission in the Making and Approving of Agreements. Answer: Introduction In the modern era, there are various industries that are functions in the economy and it is seen that various complex strategies and operational plans are initiated in order to survive in the economy. Out of all the activities that are initiated by a business, employees play a vital role in the development of a firm. The organizations try to construct various strategic plans so that they keep their employees happy and satisfied. However, there are circumstances when employee relations get disrupted due to various factors and that leads to ineffective functioning of the business. The employees who work in an organization are simple citizens of the world and therefore, any problems that are faced by them is a cause of concern for the Government and therefore construct various Commissions that tries to resolve all the problems pertaining to the employees (Stewart et al., 2014). In Australia, the Government of Australia has constructed the Fair Work Commission that is a industrial relations tribunal that abides by the Fair Work Act of 2009. This Commission has the power and the authority of regulating the minimum wages that requires to be paid and other relevant issues to reduce the level of discrepancies and allowing the organizations functioning in the Australian economy to abide by the policies framed by them (French et al., 2014). The paper therefore, tries to find out the process agreement, permission for the agreement, the steps involved and the strengths and weaknesses of the Commission. Fairs Works Commission The industrial relations tribunal looks to secure the perspective of the employees and thereby enhancing their position in the economy and the organization. The Commission has a procedure and any problem requires to be gone through a proper procedure before an action is taken. The following are the various points that this essay tries to discuss. How does the Fair Work Commission make agreements? The Fair Work Commission undertakes an agreement in order to create a treaty among the employers and the employees (Layton et al., 2013). The Fair Work Commission provides collective information about the methods of establishing agreements of enterprise as well as evaluate the approve agreements. An agreement regarding an enterprise is undertaken between one or more employers and among employees consisting of two or more with the help of the selected agents. It is seen that where Greenfield agreements take place where there are no staffs, the owner makes a negotiation with employee unions consisting of one or more (Australian Human Rights Commission 2016). The Fair Work Commission acts as a middleman between the agreements that are undertaken between two or more employers and two or employees and maintains record for their relationships. The Commission is the legal body that acts a regulating body and announces decisions when there are any problems within the agreed parties. Therefore, it is seen that Fair Works Commission is the statutory body with respect to industrial relations. How does the Fair Work Commission approve agreements? The Fair Work Commission being the regulatory body looks into all the actions that are related to industry relations and undertakes various policies and recommendation plans to make amendments in the policies and regulations. An agreement is not valid unless it is approved by the Commission. The commission before approving the agreement undertakes various evaluation processes in order to find out all the information that are associated between the parties undertaking the agreements (Charlesworth, Macdonald 2015). The commission provides a form where all the information regarding the parties needs to be mentioned and then submitted along with the various other documents like identity proofs, agreement documents and the time span of the agreement. The commission analyzes every section of the documents and examines the validity of the agreement and then after various speculations approves the agreement to the parties. The Fair Work Commission being the only commission that looks into the industrial relations is loaded with various burdens and responsibilities that they need to undertake in order to keep a dispute free economy. What are the steps that are involved in making and approving of agreements? After the completion of bargaining, an agreement has been proposed where few specifics steps require to be taken to ascertain the agreement can be approved by the Fair Work Commission. The various steps that are involved are as follows: Pre-approval steps taken by employers Explanation of the terms taken by employers Terms Explained It is the work of the employer to undertake reasonable steps to make sure that the terms of the agreement and the impact on those terms are described to the employees. The description is given in a suitable manner (Creighton et al., 2016). Notice and Vote to Approve A vital section of the employees who are working in a firm during the time who will come under the agreement proposed must agree for the proposal by giving a vote for it. The vote requires to undertaken within 21 days after the last day when the employees were provided with a notice about their rights (Davis 2014). The employer needs to undertake various seteps to make sure that during the 7 day period of access the employed employees at the time who will come under the agreement are provided with a copied document of the agreement and any other documents that are incorporated by reference in the agreement. The employer must requires to take all the steps tom make sure that by the initiation of the 7 day access period the pertinent employees requires to be notified of the time the vote will undertake, the place of the vote and the method used for voting. Applying to the Commission for approval After the completion of the enterprise agreement, a bargaining agent for the agreement requires to apply to the Commission for permission of the agreement with the use of Form F16, which is an form for application for the permission of enterprise agreement, which can be discovered in the website. The application requires to be submitted to the Commission within 14 days of the agreement being established or in the time provided by the Commission. The application requires to be submitted with a copy of the agreement that is signed along with any assertions that the Fair Work Commission Rules 2013 or policies to escort the application Form F17, which is an employers avowal in sustenance of application for permission of the enterprise agreement (Izzo 2016). The process of completed application can be submitted via email, express post or in person at any Commission offices, or can be electronically be forwarded through the Online Lodgment Service. Considerations of the Commission To endorse an agreement of an enterprise, the Commission must be gratified that: The pre-approval process have been undertaken The agreement has been authentically concurred to by the pertinent employees The agreement undergoes the better off overall test The agreement does not have any conditions, which prohibits or have the impact of leaving out the NES or a stipulation of the NES (Clibborn 2015) The agreement does not incorporate any unlawful tenures or delegated outworker terms The cluster of employees wraps by the agreement was moderately selected The agreement states a date as its ostensible expiry date i.e not more than 4 years after the date the Commission approves The agreement gives a disagreement settlement process The agreement is inclusive of a suppleness clause and a clause of consultation. Undertaking Approvals The Commission may endorse an agreement of the enterprise that are not meeting the obligations of the Fair Work Act 2009 if it satisfies through a written undertaking meeting the issues (Wilson Pender 2017). The Commission only grants a written statement from an employer, after looking for the visions of each bargaining agents and if they are satisfied that the impact of granting the undertaking is not likely to have an effect on the financial damage to any employee and result in considerable transformations to the agreement then they are approved. Approval When the Commission grants the agreement it will publish a decision with the granted agreement and any responsibilities acknowledged by it are attached (Biggs et al., 2015). A copy will be forwarded to all the involved parties, and the agreement and decisions will be published in the website. the strengths and weakness of the process The strengths are discussed as follows: For Employers: The process can provide a much easier process for compensating its employees in comparison to the severe submission of the pertinent modern award. In various working environment there are various awards that applicable to its employees, but even where there is no the possibilities for application and interpretation of a modern award can be multifaceted and time-consuming for employers (Findlay Thompson 2017). An EBA process can rationalize this method by integrating overtime, rates of penalty, remunerations and other award prerogatives into a base rate owed to employees according to the categorization degree under the award. For Employees: It provides an assurance that the period of the EBA process puts them in a place that is Better Off Overall than if they were remunerated according to the innovative award. Fair Work Australia will not grant an EBA unless the BOOT is gratified, which ranks the employee in a better situation due to the EBA outcomes (Shofinita Langrish 2014). The bargaining method of an EBA also gives the employees with the chance to link together and to bargain collectively on the rules of the agreement, often with the advantage of union illustration. Weakness For Employers The major drawback is the cost and time necessary to bargain the EBA and to go through the process of approval with Fair Work Australia. There is a stern development and timeframe that must be undertaken and any breakdown to follow these can lead to refusal of the EBA. For Employees There are generally not many drawbacks for being a party of the agreement process. If an employee requires to be symbolized by the union then they require to pay union fees which, over time-period, can lead to noteworthy figures of money (Worth Squelch 2015). Furthermore, in order to be granted an EBA needs majority of the vote. If an employee are not in terms with the union or with the bulk votes then they do not have any choice other than to be a part of the agreement. Conclusion The above paper therefore, as a whole describes all the work an the process that are undertaken by Fair Work Commission and it is seen that they have a lot of burden of work that they function. The paper discusses about the agreement and the process undertaken by the Commission in order to efficiently approve and maintain the agreements. The paper even describes the approval process and reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the process. References Australian Human Rights Commission. (2016). Willing to work: national inquiry into employment discrimination against older Australians and Australians with disability (2016). Biggs, S., Carr, A., Haapala, I. (2015). Work, aging, and risks to family life: the case of Australia.Canadian Journal on Aging/La Revue canadienne du vieillissement,34(03), 321-330. Charlesworth, S., Macdonald, F. (2015). Women, work and industrial relations in Australia in 2014.Journal of Industrial Relations,57(3), 366-382. Clibborn, S. (2015). Why undocumented immigrant workers should have workplace rights.The Economic and Labour Relations Review,26(3), 465-473. Creighton, B., Denvir, C., Johnstone, R., McCrystal, S. (2016). Protected Action Ballots and Protected Industrial Action Under the Fair Work Act: The Impact of Ballot Procedures on Enterprise Bargaining ProcessesMethodological Approach. Davis, K. (2014). A Critical Analysis of Genuine RedundancyCases Under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth). Findlay, P., Thompson, P. (2017). Contemporary work: Its meanings and demands.Journal of Industrial Relations, 0022185616672251. French, B., Boyle, M. V., Muurlink, O. (2014). Workplace Bullying in Australia: The Fair Work Act and its impact.New Zealand Journal of Human Resources Management,14(2). Izzo, L. (2016). Employment: The casual conundrum: Casual employment in the fair work world.LSJ: Law Society of NSW Journal, (21), 82. Layton, R., Smith, M., Stewart, A. (2013). Equal Remuneration Under the Fair Work Act 2009. Shofinita, D., Langrish, T. A. G. (2014). Spray drying of orange peel extracts: Yield, total phenolic content, and economic evaluation.Journal of Food Engineering,139, 31-42. Stewart, A. J., Bray, M., Macneil, J., Oxenbridge, S. (2014). 'Promoting cooperative and productive workplace relations': exploring the Fair Work Commission's new role. Wilson, J., Pender, K. (2017). A new era?: Whistleblower protections in Australia.Ethos: Official Publication of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory, (243), 25. Worth, R., Squelch, J. (2015). Stop the Bullying: The Anti-Bullying Provisions in the Fair Work Act and Restoring the Employment Relationship.UNSWLJ,38, 1015.

Advertising and promotion in Coca-Cola The WritePass Journal

Advertising and promotion in Coca-Cola Introduction Advertising and promotion in Coca-Cola IntroductionTask 1 Q1. Explain the communication process that applies to advertising and promotion (P1)Q2. Explain the organization of the advertising and promotions industry in the UK (P2)Q3. Explain what problems advertising companies are facing currently and how they can solve them (M1)Q4. Explain the role of advertising in an integrated promotional strategy for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd (P5).Q5. Explain branding and how it is used to strengthen a company like Coca-Cola (P6).Q6. Demonstrate your creative thinking regarding Coca-Cola branding and its popularity in the UK market (D3).Task 2Q7. Asses how promotion is regulated in the UK (P3)Q8. Examine current trends in advertising and promotion among soft drink advertisers in the UK and explain the impact of ICT on advertising and promotion industries (P4)Q9. Review the creative aspect of Coca-Cola advertisement (P7)Q10. Use critical reflection to evaluate your work, justify your findings and make valid conclusions (D1).Q11. Examine ways of working with advertising agencies (P8)Q12. Communicate with any advertising agencies and present your findings (that you have learnt for Q11) in a suitable format (M3).  Ã‚   Task 3 Q13. Explain primary techniques of below-the-line promotion and how they are used in an integrated promotional strategy for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd or any business in the UK (P9).Q14. Select and/or design appropriate methods/techniques for the Coca-Cola Enterprise to boost their sales and meet strategic targets by 2012 (M2).Q15. Evaluate other techniques used in below-the-line promotion for Coca-Cola Enterprise L td or any other business in the UK (P10).Q16. As a senior manager of Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd. how would you carry out responsibilities for managing and organizing advertising and promotion activities to meet its strategic target (D2)?Task 4 Q17. Follow an appropriate process for the formulation of a budget for an integrated promotional strategy (P11).Q18. Carry out the development of a promotional plan for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd. or any business in the UK (P12).Q19. Plan the integration of promotional techniques into the promotional strategy for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd. or any business in the UK (P13).Q20. Use appropriate technique for measuring campaign effectiveness (P14).References:Related Introduction Task 1 Q1. Explain the communication process that applies to advertising and promotion (P1) Advertising and promotion are an integral part of our social and economic systems. In our complex society, advertising has evolved into a vital communications system for both consumers and businesses. The ability of advertising and other promotional programmers are makes the target audience at the marketing level. Its makes the organization feedback to the market situation of goods and products which are newly come to the competitive market Advertising is the structured and composed, nonperson communication of information. It is usually paid for and usually persuasive, about products, services, or ideas. There are four important dimensions of advertising (communication, marketing, economic, and social) creates a clear concept about what advertising is and how it has evolved. The promotion is the process of commodities at newly introduce to the market, it also offer coupons, free samples, contests, or rebates on the purchase price. By offering added value, promotion accelerates sales. So it is a very effective tool for the new product at the market. It is often used in conjunction with advertising- to promote the promotion. The promotional planner should recognize the different effects various types of advertising messages might have on consumers and whether they are appropriate for the product or brand. The message is done by the (print, TV, radio, newspaper, direct marketing) and their cost implications might also occur at this process. Q2. Explain the organization of the advertising and promotions industry in the UK (P2) At the UK which of the organization are responsible for the advertising and promotion activities that’s organizations activities are as follows; EFSP The European Federation of Sales Promotion (EFSP) was founded in 1980. It is a forum for countries across Europe to meet, exchange ideas and work together.   It also enhances the reputation and promotes the highest standards of the Sales Promotion industry in Europe. It maintains two main areas of activity are lobbying and annual awards. EACA The mission of the European Association of Communications Agencies (EACA) is to represent full-service advertising and media agencies and agency associations in Europe.   The aim of EACA is to promote honest, effective advertising, high professional standards, and awareness of the contribution of advertising in a free market economy.   It’s also work for encourage close co-operation between agencies, advertisers and media in European advertising bodies. European Federation of Sales Promotion (EFSP) The European Federation of Sales Promotion (EFSP) was founded in 1980, and changed its name to the Promotional Marketing Council of Europe in September 2002 when it became a part of EACA (the European Association of Communication Agencies). This organization deals with the sales Promotion in Europe. Promotional Marketing Council of Europe The PMC is an organization that represents the Sales Promotion industry across Europe including Clients, Agencies and Suppliers. Member countries are France, Spain, Portugal, UK, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, Ireland and Austria and the membership of these organizations accounts for an estimated 80 % of the sales promotion business in those countries. Q3. Explain what problems advertising companies are facing currently and how they can solve them (M1) Today’s advertising companies face several problems which are deals with the new business process, adapting to web/interactive marketing, cash flow, the slow economy, shrinking client budgets, finding qualified employees, obtaining larger clients and shrinking profit margins. The main problems are as follows; Complexity for the run new company. Accumulate the budget support for the activities of the company. Complexity for the new promotion and campaign activities. Find the proper employee and to maintain them. Reach to the new clients and accumulate them for the new products. Generate new ideas for the new advertisement of new products. Proper media support for the advertisement and promotion. Q4. Explain the role of advertising in an integrated promotional strategy for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd (P5). Advertising really plays a big role in Coca-Colas success. Its advertising has been rather pervasive, as one of Woodruffs stated goals was to ensure that everyone on Earth drank Coca-Cola as their preferred beverage. Advertising for Coca-Cola is now almost everywhere, especially in southern areas of North America, such as Atlanta, where Coca-Cola was born. The most popular words in the world in 20th contrary are: God, she and Coca-Cola. After the highest popularization of word â€Å"OK†, the second one is â€Å"Coca-Cola†. 98% of the people know â€Å"Coca-Cola†.   That’s the result of Coca-Cola spending 6 hundred million dollar on promotions. There are five main ways of promoting the brand Coca-Cola. The first one is traditional advertising, like showing advertisements on TV or posters. The second one is the sponsoring of sport events. The third one is online promotion. The fourth one is selling Coca-Cola’s collections. The fifth one is local promotion held by bottlers or retailers. Although the main advertisements in every country still follow this strategy, especially using the local stars to attract young customers, Coca-cola begun to use computer technology to make cartoon images which matches local culture or just funny. Q5. Explain branding and how it is used to strengthen a company like Coca-Cola (P6). Branding is the building of trust with employees, customers and stakeholders.   In marketing terms, the definition of branding is the sum total of a company’s value, including products, services, people, advertising, positioning and culture.   Brands give potential clients a firm idea of what they are buying before they buy it, making the purchasing decision easier.   Customers trust strong brands because they know what to expect. The most important reason is that it can help increase the sales of Coca-Cola. This means that when need to increase prices then the target audience will be accepting of price increase. Branding also encourages confidence and trust in product/service. Brandings introduce new products at the newly face at the market level also its increase the customers attraction for the new products at the market. It should reflect through the use of logo, name stripling brand values. It should clearly communicate with name and/or product or service. The Coca-Cola follows this for its branding such the logo and the color combination of logo. The identity should be applied consistently across all media – for example its color and its positioning on a page or screen should remain familiar across all marketing material. If consider partnering with other companies, ensure that the brand and brand identity reflect theirs and vice versa. Q6. Demonstrate your creative thinking regarding Coca-Cola branding and its popularity in the UK market (D3). Coke’s branding strategies had to go beyond brand positioning and associations. To ensure that customers had formed a harmonious relationship with the brand, the objective of brand resonance had to be achieved. Coca- Cola is a already brand product at the world wide. But for the increase of its popularity at the UK market this company may takes several initiatives for its new advertisement and promotion activities. Coca-Cola needs the new branding approach for the target market, its needs different promotion activities for the all levels of customers. It takes the approach for the all level of market demand for the familiarity of its. For complete this work Coca-Cola needs the price promotion.   Also Coca-Cola needs new steps for the promotion activities at the different level of customers. New campaign programme are set for introduce different flavor of Coca-Col. Task 2 Q7. Asses how promotion is regulated in the UK (P3) The UK marketing industry recognized the need for trust in advertising when it setup the advertising self-regulatory system for non-broadcast advertising in 1961. Since then, the UK’s system of self-regulation has helped to ensure advertising remains responsible: honest advertising helps to keep customers coming back. The 11th edition of the British Code of Advertising and Sales Promotion came into force on 4 March 2003. The purpose of the Code is to maintain, in the best and most flexible way possible, the integrity of marketing communications in the interests of both the consumer and the trade. Advertising in the UK is controlled through a combination of codes of practice and legislation. There are two advertising codes which are created, monitored and revised by two committees. These are the Committee of Advertising Practice (CAP) and the Broadcast Committee of Advertising Practice (BCAP). The CAP Code deals with the non-broadcast advertising, sales promotion and direct marketing. The BCAP deals with the rules for broadcast advertising. These are enforced where necessary by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA). Since 28 February 2011, Broadcasting regulations rules have been relaxed to allow product placement ie paying to have a product or service included or referred to in selected types of TV broadcasts. This includes: films series made for TV or other audiovisual media services eg video on demand sports programmes light entertainment shows However, product placement isnt allowed for certain types of goods, and its banned completely in all childrens, news, current affairs, consumer affairs and religious programming. Q8. Examine current trends in advertising and promotion among soft drink advertisers in the UK and explain the impact of ICT on advertising and promotion industries (P4) Soft drink is one of the most important product categories in the delivered wholesale and cash and carry markets. It contributes more than  £1billion of sales per year through independent retail, catering and on-premise outlets. It is a category maintaining momentum through creative marketing and promotions, new product developments and fresh packaging formats. The current trends in advertising and promotion activities which are going at the UK market that’s depends on the following reasons; Encourage excessive consumption of food or drink products. Encourage the purchase of food or soft drinks by inappropriately using licensed characters, celebrities or promotional offers in ads intended for children. Encourage the new generation to the soft drink. Promote consumption of different kinds of soft drinks promotional offer. The advertising of different flavor of soft drink at the different level of customers. The ideas of new advertisement programme which takes by the different advertisement companies. The impact of ICT on advertising and promotion are as follows; Now a day’s advertisement is done by the different ICT programmes such as by the broadcast, by internet. But the misuse of this there is several impacts is going on the product advertisement. There are some impact is create for the change of ICT use at the advertisement. For the revulsion of use ICT at the advertisement and promotion activities are create new dimension at this sector. Q9. Review the creative aspect of Coca-Cola advertisement (P7) Coca-Colas promotion has had a significant impact on American advertising and its overall culture. It is even (erroneously) credited with the invention of the US traditional Santa Clause image. Anyway, Coca Cola advertising history demonstrates how the marketing science has been developing over time. Below there is a visual tour into the company print advertising. 1890 Drink Coca Cola Coca-Cola first print ad was published in 1895 featuring a young Bostonian actress named Hilda Clark who was the company spokesperson. Coca-Cola Revives and Sustains It satisfies the thirsty and helps the weary. Take one glass of Coca Cola when weary with shopping. 1950 Be refreshed! Be refreshed! Pause for Coke! Only Coca-Cola gives you the cheerful lift thats bright and lively the cold crisp taste that deeply satisfies! No wonder Coke refreshes you the best! Spending the day on the water? Youll really welcome the cold crisp taste of Coca-Cola that so deeply satisfies the cheerful lift thats bright and lovely. No wonder Coke is the real refreshment anytime anywhere 1960 Things Go Better with Coke The Things Go Better with Coke campaign was adapted to the youth market by using catchy colors and fashionable concepts. 1970 During the mid-1970s, the political uncertainty in the United States determined Coca-Cola advertising campaign. As the nation questioned its direction, Coca-Cola reminded Americans of their countrys positive values in the Look Up, America campaign. 1976 Coke Adds Life In May 1976, The Coca-Cola Company introduced a new campaign, presenting the brand as the soft drink for all occasions. Aimed at the young and young-at-heart, the new campaign, Coke Adds Life to †¦, was designed to show viewers that Coca-Cola added simple enjoyment to life. 1982 Coke is it! In early 1982, Coca-Cola launched a new ad campaign, Coke Is It! The direct, positive statement was meant to appeal to the forthright mood of Americans in the 1980s. Coke Is It! represented the new taste and concept. The public, however, demanded the return of the traditional drink, so the campaign turned out to be fiasco. 1993 Always Coca Cola In 1993, The Coca-Cola Company made a dramatic shift in its advertising by introducing the memorable Always Coca-Cola campaign, by Creative Artists Agency and later Edge Creative. Animated polar bear became one of the most popular symbols of Coca-Cola. 2002 The Coke Side of Life Q10. Use critical reflection to evaluate your work, justify your findings and make valid conclusions (D1). This work is conduct with the advertisement and promotion of the new products which are introduced at the new business world. At this work mainly reflect with the advertisement and promotion activities of the Coca-Cola Company. The major findings of this work are the process and procedure which are takes for the promotion activities by the Coca-Cola. Also at this work discuss about the regulation for the advertising authorities and how these authority evaluate this. There are discussing about the new techniques for the promotion of the new products at the market. However, with the turn of the millennium, while Coke’s international sales were doing well it was facing some new challenges – especially in its largest market of UK. Q11. Examine ways of working with advertising agencies (P8) Companies work hard to ensure they provide premier goods and services to their markets. Small to mid-sized businesses use advertising agencies to help them relay their messages to the public. Though outsourcing means using the services of a separate entity, it is important to foster good relations with them so the relationship becomes mutually beneficial. Be flexible Know where you want to be, but be flexible in getting there. Remember why you sought the help of an advertising agency in the first place. Don’t assume you have all the answers. It’s technical There is a science behind advertising. How colors collaborate, words work with pictures, etc. contributes to the effectiveness of advertising. Understand you may desire a certain look, but advertising agencies hold the expertise; they know how best to advertise for your company. Have one liaison You may be accustomed to discussing business matters with several people or a board. When it comes to advertising, people host different opinions making it difficult to arrive at a final decision. Advertising agencies recommend appointing one person to work with them directly. This eliminates conflicting views that discourage agencies from working with you further. Know your customers Successful businesses sometimes assume they know their customers because their products/services sell very well. This is a common mistake. Advertising agencies may suggest conducting market research to understand how to reach your customers. This will cost more, but will be advantageous to your advertising campaign as a whole. Q12. Communicate with any advertising agencies and present your findings (that you have learnt for Q11) in a suitable format (M3).  Ã‚   Communicate with advertising agencies at first look after the goods and service of the company also know about the process for the advertisement of the product. For the proper communication know about the technical aspects and the product promotion aspects and details description of the market valuation of the product response is needed. When inform about the choice of the customers then the product advertising is done carefully also select the level of the customer who needs the product. At the time of campaigning of product advertisement then choose the location for proper advertisement also needs the proper process for the campaigning of product with the product value description. Task 3 Q13. Explain primary techniques of below-the-line promotion and how they are used in an integrated promotional strategy for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd or any business in the UK (P9). The terms below the line promotion or communications, refers to forms of non-media communication, even non-media advertising. Below the line promotions are becoming increasingly important within the communications mix of many companies, not only those involved in FMCG products, but also for industrial goods. Below the Line uses less conventional methods than the usual specific channels of advertising to promote products, services, etc. than Above the Line strategies. These may include activities such as direct mail, public relations and sales promotions for which a fee is agreed upon and charged up front. Below the line advertising typically focuses on direct means of communication, most commonly direct mail and e-mail, often using highly targeted lists of names to maximize response rates. Another interesting and very effective BTL is Ssop Intercept. Trained sales personnel, often young women, are deployed at Retail Stores, near the shelves of targeted products. These young women convince customers visiting these shelves about the better aspects of their brand compared with others. This is ideal for new launches as it generates trials, which if successful result in repeat sales. Coca Cola Great Britain (CCGB) is responsible for marketing Coca Cola products within UK. There are over 100 products within UK. One of their responsibilities is developing new brands and extending existing brands. The sustainable growth of the Coca-Cola system depends on the ability to work effectively together through collaboration, mutual support and shared goals. The system strengths lies in coca cola routes-to-market and our ability to help the customers grow their businesses, continually enhancing the value of brands to both customers and consumers. In order to continually grow business of Coca Cola Company needs to be increasingly efficient in use of resources. Below-the-line promotions are becoming increasingly important within the communications mix of many companies, not only those involved in individual products, but also for industrial goods. Q14. Select and/or design appropriate methods/techniques for the Coca-Cola Enterprise to boost their sales and meet strategic targets by 2012 (M2). The integrated management system of the Coca-Cola business for meet the strategies goal for 2012 is- The Coca-Cola Management System (TCCMS) is the new management system for achieve the target by the company. This system aligns with the internationally recognized requirements for quality, environment, health and safety, and food safety. In 2010, the Coca-Cola system will begin to transition to ISO standards for all Management System requirements previously covered by TCCMS. Quality: Coca-Cola management procedures ensure that we maintain high-quality standards. Ten facilities earned TCCMS certification in North America and all of production facilities in Europe are ISO 9001 certified. Environment: All of European production facilities are ISO 14001 certified, and 17 facilities in North America achieved TCCMS certification in 2008. Health and safety: Currently, 18 of European facilities are ISO 18001 certified and 17 facilities in North America are TCCMS certified. Food safety: Six of European production facilities are ISO 22000 certified and plan to certify six more in 2009 also certify 23 U.S. production facilities in 2009. Q15. Evaluate other techniques used in below-the-line promotion for Coca-Cola Enterprise L td or any other business in the UK (P10). The Coca-Cola company is not a new company to achieve the below-the-line promotion which are target by the company. The Coca-Cola Company’s marketing department is accountable for the brand development, maintenance and positioning of all of the Coca-Cola Company’s brands. They focus on all above-the-line marketing and national promotions for trade and end consumers through the appropriate media channels and brand activation. Coca-Cola Company focuses on understanding the market, and is primarily responsible for brand research, consumer research, and pricing studies. By maximizing the potential of brands, developing innovative new brands and introducing Coca-Cola’s international brands into UK, they ensure that our products are the first choice of consumers. Green contest- Coca Cola has launched a green contest that is aimed at promoting environmental sustainability. Coca Cola Wonder of the World Promotion- Allowed consumers to get the opportunity to win a dream vacation to destinations such as Paris, Hollywood, New York, Singapore and Cairo. The promotion sparked an interest within the public who avidly collected their Coca Cola caps. All the promotional tactics of Coca cola aim to shape the culture of the population to think that drinking Coca Cola is the way of life. Q16. As a senior manager of Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd. how would you carry out responsibilities for managing and organizing advertising and promotion activities to meet its strategic target (D2)? Completing the target of market demand at the Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd. Takes the following steps for advertising and promotion activities; New campaign activities at the all market level and for all customers. New advertisement takes for the all levels of customers. Takes different types of new variation of product introduce at the market with new advertisement and promotion activities. Regular monitoring the advertisement and promotion activities at the market level. Ensure the customer about the new thematic promotion and products potentialities. Task 4 Q17. Follow an appropriate process for the formulation of a budget for an integrated promotional strategy (P11). The marketing plan then, is a dynamic document which focuses on bringing marketing strategies to life, serving as a roadmap for carrying out marketing activities and implementing marketing strategies. It is a multi-step process, which considers the following: Formulating a strategy of company or division and making sure that appropriate linkages are made between company strategy and marketing activity planning. Analyzing the environment within which you do business to make sure the marketplace, the industry, competitors, and other influences. Carrying out market profiling, enabling you to identify market segment, target customer types, and overall demand. Additionally, analysis of the industry and competitors, coupled with analysis of customer types, enables the creation of demand possibilities and the resulting forecasts. The marketing mix, which considers a combination of activities which come together harmoniously, in bringing the product to market and sustaining it while in the market. Budgeting of marketing programs so that the appropriate sales goals and corporate strategies can be attained. Q18. Carry out the development of a promotional plan for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd. or any business in the UK (P12). Sampling-if objective is to trial the product then sampling is an effective sales promotion method. Usually sampling is involved with low value products and products having highly visible features of benefits. Couponing-it is one of the oldest sales promotion strategies and sometimes couponing makes the product problematic by cheapening your brand name. Coupon is mainly used for attracting new customers as well as to increase instant sales with price reduction of a product. Loyalty schemes- It is basically a point based system, where each customer gets some points on each purchase and later he can use these points on buying the same products or other products at a reduced price. To many marketers, loyalty schemes are also known as-frequent purchasing scheme. Packaging- many marketers does no pay much attention to the quality of packaging, because they simply do not understand the psychological and brand image aspects of packaging. An attractive and innovative packaging can work like a salient sales man-packaging does the hooking function to buyers. A well-packaged product carries not only the brand values but also create an emotional link to your prospects. Not that it is only important for packaging to be eye-catching, aesthetic, but it needs to protect the product inside with proper manner. Q19. Plan the integration of promotional techniques into the promotional strategy for Coca-Cola Enterprise Ltd. or any business in the UK (P13). A typical sales promotion budget covers almost 70% of the total consumer sales promotional budget. It is also considered as a brand differentiator by many big players like Coca-Cola. For Coca-cola business experts and academics, sales promotion is regarded as typical marketing techniques that add value to a product in order to achieve specific marketing goals. The primary purpose of promotion strategy is to induce the consumers to make a quick buying-decision in order to create increases sales. Integration of promotion is to offer customers to take chance of winning a prize or offering some extra products with the same price. Sales promotion and marketing are inter-related but not have the similar purpose. The Coca-Cola company takes different promotions activities such as at the world cup football occurring time also at the summer season the takes different promotions activities for achieve the new customers and evaluate their products computations. It is advertising which makes a platform for sales promotion where customers can see the direct added value of buying your product. On the other hand, advertising is an intangible promotion of products to send the marketing message to the customer-base. Q20. Use appropriate technique for measuring campaign effectiveness (P14). It is essential to pretest advertisements to see how effective they actually are in influencing consumers.   An ad may have to be redesigned if it is found not be to be as effective as targeted. Developing an advertising program entails several steps: Identifying the target audience- Market reports can be bought that investigate the media habits of consumers of different products and/or the segments that the firm has chosen to target. Determining appropriate advertising objectives- the objectives might include awareness, trial, repurchase, inducing consumers to switch from another brand, or developing a preference for the brand. Settling on an advertising budget. Designing the advertisements- Numerous media are available for the advertiser to choose from. References: Business Knowledge Center. The Marketing Concept. www.netmba.comAccessed September 2004. Chang, T.L. (1995), â€Å"Formulating adaptation marketing strategies in a global industry†, International Marketing Review International Olympic Committee Organization Facts and Figures. Retrieved on January 13, 2007 Lynch, R (1997), corporate strategy, Pitman Publishing, Great Britain. Ruth, J.A. Simonin, B.L. 2003. Brought to you by brand A and brand B. Journal of Advertising www.coke.com.au/about_advert.asp

Free Essays on Harriet Beecher Stowe

Suzanne M. Coil’s Harriet Beecher Stowe is a biography of one of the most influential women of the 1800s. Well-written and organized, the book is enjoyable and informative to read, although it does not go into detail about any facet of Stowe’s life. Coil’s sources for her book come mainly from other materials that have been written about Stowe, although she does reference at times the works and letters of Stowe, herself. Harriet Elizabeth Beecher was born on June 14, 1811, in Litchfield, Connecticut, to Lyman and Roxanna Foote Beecher. The seventh out of thirteen children, she early exhibited her brilliance. Sadly, her mother died while Harriet was only four years old, leaving the duties of raising the large Beecher family to her older sister, Catherine, who would play a large role in Harriet’s life. Lyman Beecher was a domineering, intensely Christian man, and a fiery evangelist who helped to spark the nationwide temperance movement. He, too, would have a great influence on Harriet’s life, although she would eventually come to disagree with his spiritual beliefs. Harriet Beecher Stowe is famous for her writing of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, the book which helped to make an entire nation aware of the horrors of slavery. She met her first Black people at her grandmother’s house at the age of four, and even then, Harriet was confused because she did not understand why the Blacks were not treated as equals, when she was told that everyone was God’s child. Harriet’s father, as well as being a temperance leader, strongly denounced slavery, and this also contributed to Harriet’s early awareness of the evils of slavery. Harriet was very academic. She loved to read, and by age fourteen, she was teaching at her sister’s school for girls, as well as attending classes. By age twenty-one, she was a full-time teacher at the school. However, she hated teaching, preferring to spend her time alone in her attic room, writing... Free Essays on Harriet Beecher Stowe Free Essays on Harriet Beecher Stowe Suzanne M. Coil’s Harriet Beecher Stowe is a biography of one of the most influential women of the 1800s. Well-written and organized, the book is enjoyable and informative to read, although it does not go into detail about any facet of Stowe’s life. Coil’s sources for her book come mainly from other materials that have been written about Stowe, although she does reference at times the works and letters of Stowe, herself. Harriet Elizabeth Beecher was born on June 14, 1811, in Litchfield, Connecticut, to Lyman and Roxanna Foote Beecher. The seventh out of thirteen children, she early exhibited her brilliance. Sadly, her mother died while Harriet was only four years old, leaving the duties of raising the large Beecher family to her older sister, Catherine, who would play a large role in Harriet’s life. Lyman Beecher was a domineering, intensely Christian man, and a fiery evangelist who helped to spark the nationwide temperance movement. He, too, would have a great influence on Harriet’s life, although she would eventually come to disagree with his spiritual beliefs. Harriet Beecher Stowe is famous for her writing of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, the book which helped to make an entire nation aware of the horrors of slavery. She met her first Black people at her grandmother’s house at the age of four, and even then, Harriet was confused because she did not understand why the Blacks were not treated as equals, when she was told that everyone was God’s child. Harriet’s father, as well as being a temperance leader, strongly denounced slavery, and this also contributed to Harriet’s early awareness of the evils of slavery. Harriet was very academic. She loved to read, and by age fourteen, she was teaching at her sister’s school for girls, as well as attending classes. By age twenty-one, she was a full-time teacher at the school. However, she hated teaching, preferring to spend her time alone in her attic room, writing...

Liquid Sunshine-Beneficial Fad or Human Carcinogen Research Paper

Liquid Sunshine-Beneficial Fad or Human Carcinogen - Research Paper Example Investigations soon found the ill effects of long-term exposure to radium. The use of radium as therapeutic agent was discontinued, but the victims of this metal died painful deaths. In 1900s, radium became a treatment option for many illnesses of the day. However, its popularity as a promoter of health soon declined. This paper aims at recounting the rise and fall of radium as a therapeutic agent. Radium (atomic number 88) is a radioactive alkaline earth metal, belonging to the same group as calcium and barium (Radium, 2009). Its radioactive nature makes radium a luminescent metal that glows in the dark. Radium is a decay product of radioactive uranium 238. Nobel laureates Pierre and Marie Curie discovered this metal in 1898. Marie Curie received her second Nobel Price for Chemistry in 1911 for her work on radium and polonium (Pasachoff, 1996). Pierre Curie was the first scientist to advocate the medical uses of radium. Pierre exposed his arm to radium for many hours, which caused a burn that took many months to heal. He concluded that diseased cells may be destroyed by exposure to radioactivity and that radium could be a potential cure for cancer and skin diseases (Clark, 1997; Pasachoff, 1996). The results of Curies trailblazing research on effects of radium catapulted this element to instant fame. Radiation therapy with radium became a standard treatment for cancer, benign tumors, warts, and even facial hair (Clark, 1997). By early 1900s, radium laced water was advertised as a therapeutic agent for a host of other problems (Clark, 1997). This radium water was called liquid sunshine as it was considered a magic elixir for better health and longer life (Rosch, 2004). As radium was expensive, radon, a product of radium decay, was used often to manufacture radium water (Clark, 1997). Radium water was prescribed as germicida l, antibacterial, and antifungal to treat diseases such as diphtheria, malaria, typhoid, and liver diseases (Clark, 1997). Many